The Negative Effects Of Cell Phone Use - 708 Words

Many of you may feel as though a cell phone is another mere limb on your body and that it helps you keep concentration levels up. To address your concerns there have been studies and scientific proof concerning this issue. I believe while cell phone use can be acceptable, it can also cause disruptions and causes your level of confidence go down. This only causes loads of problems it also causes terrible drawbacks. Cell phone use and texting cause concentration levels to go down and it is difficult to redirect attention after such usage. There has been a decline in test scores due to having too much cell phone use in your home or at school. Studies found, â€Å"Cell phone use in class is significantly and negatively related to grades, and it†¦show more content†¦The effects of social media can be discouraging if you always are on it and compare yourselves to others. Most people view social media as uplifting, but if you get deeper into studies it shows. â€Å" Cyberbullying has become a major issue for teenagers in more recent years, as it allows its victims friends to post things in front of their peers,† (Psychology 2). The distractions of social media are apparent. For example, â€Å"Forty-four percent admit to allowing social media to divert their attention from in-person interactions,† (Digital 1). Social media drags you down and causes people to compare themselves and judge another for as simple as one picture or a few words. After excessive gaming other problems develop and thought process declines. â€Å"I use to spend all day on my iPhone and game it caused me to have constant migraines and I noticed I had grades drop that next year in school,† (Personal 1). Video games cause thinking levels to decrease and you become anti-social. For example,â€Å"Studies found that â€Å"students who had played a violent virtual reality game had a higher heart rate, reported more dizziness and nausea, and exhibited more aggressive thoughts in a posttest than those who had played a nonviolent game† (Cesarone, 1998).,† (Science 3). Not only will many health problems arrive but you will be less receptive to others. In conclusion, I believe while cell phoneShow MoreRelatedThe Negative Effects Of Cell Phone Use In The Classroom1578 Words   |  7 PagesCell phones are disruptive and frowned upon in the classroom. Despite the access smartphones give us to the world around us. Several reasons such as it being looked at as a barometer for engaging the current lecture. What can we do to instead incorporate mobile technology into the curriculum? Can this negative view of cell phones in the classroom be changed? To obtain more knowledge about my topic, I researched the causes, percentages of student cell phone use as well as related but more specificRead MoreBad Effects of Cell Phone on Society856 Words   |  4 PagesBAD EFFECTS OF CELL PHONE ON SOCIETY A report by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) said there were about six billion cell phone subscriptions at the end of 2011-roughly one for 86 of every 100 people. Up to now, this number has continued to increase dramatically. This proves certainly that cell phone affects our society more strongly and more deeply in many aspects. No one can deny that cell phone is playing a very important and necessary role in our society because it not onlyRead MoreEffects Of Technology On Society s Society1246 Words   |  5 Pages Effects of Technology on Society Many years ago, historians believe the future would be an amazing technologically advanced place filled with robots and time traveling. But today no one seems to be shocked by all of the advancements (Negative Effects of Technology). The computers are controlling minds, and humans are acting more as robots than citizens. Over the last few decades, there has been a dramatic improvement in the development and use of technology. Workplaces have goneRead MoreNegative Effects of Cell Phones1731 Words   |  7 Pagespeople use to make a task easier. A cell phone is a type of technology that is a common thing to see in everyday life. The world and the people in it have gotten used to this technology. Cell phones are making the lives of an estimated two hundred sixty five million Americans (Natterson 103) and three billion worldwide (Natterson 103), easier. As useful as cell phones may be, there are negative effects in over using cell phones. Cell phone technology was first developed in the 1980’s, but cell phonesRead MoreNegative Effects of Cell Phone of Society1609 Words   |  7 PagesSteve Sheridan Professor Simakowicz 1st Draft Paper 13 April 2010 â€Å"Do Cell Phones Help or Hinder Society?† Times have changed tremendously in the last twenty five years in regards to how the world communicates with each other. The birth of new technology such as cell phones with internet capability, laptop computers, and even the recently released I-Pad has made communication with anyone outside of talking distance immediately accessible. Even though to many people this seems like a movement in theRead MoreCell Phones Effect Our Lives977 Words   |  4 PagesHow Cell Phones Effect our Everyday Lives Once upon a time, cell phones did not exist. If you wanted to make a call you had to use a home phone or a pay phone, but cell phones are now common place in our everyday lives. Almost everyone has one, even children in elementary school have cell phones. So how does having such easy access to a cell phone effect our everyday lives? The positive effects of cell phones are easy to see, as cell phones can be convenient and used as a life line in an emergencyRead MoreMobile Phones And The Mobile Phone987 Words   |  4 PagesIn this day and age, it is almost impossible to not have a cell phone; the number of people who own a cell phone is growing every year. â€Å"At the end of 2011, there were almost 6 billion mobile subscriptions. That is a dramatic increase from 5.4 billion in 2010 and 4.7 billion mobile subscriptions in 2009† (International Tele - communications Union, 2011). With the introduction into society the cell phone established a convenient way to communicate bet ween individuals, and they have also connectedRead MoreIncreasing Usage Of Cell Phones1174 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract Smart phone allows us to communicate with the people who we wish to stay connected with. Nowadays due to the over usage of cell phones we often find ourselves wasting too much time on it, obesity growing in teenagers, distant relationships with people etc. after researching we found that the increasing usage of cell phone has a great effect on students studying in high schools or collages such as their behavior, dropping grades etc. Concerns about dependency on mobile phones corresponded toRead MoreAnalysis Of Cellphones By Rex Murphy1386 Words   |  6 PagesCellphones by Rex Murphy is an informal persuasive essay on the topic of cell phones and how distracting they are. The essay is a cause and effect essay that implicitly conveys the thesis, arguing that cell phones are distracting and inhibit driving. The writer attempts to use humour mixed with a very negative tone to raise awareness among Toronto citizens of the dangers of cell phones, following the movement that calls for cel l phones to be banned in cars in Toronto. Although distracted driving is a veryRead MoreTechnology: The Invention of The Cell Phone Essay1431 Words   |  6 Pagesdevice, the cell phone. A cellular phone is the most common type of technology used by all groups of people including parents, teenagers, and even young children. The number of people who own a cell phone also continues to increase, causing a huge distraction on society. Cell phones seem to own a person as they depend on their phone for almost everything. Though the cell phone was invented for beneficial purposes, people have completely misused this device which has caused negative effects in their

Nursing Informatics - 784 Words

Fundamentals of Nursing Informatics Technology can be very helpful in improving safety and quality of health care. Nursing informatics refers to the combination of technology, nursing as well as the assimilation of data. It deals with the use of technology in order to organize and provide health care in the best and most resourceful manner. Computerized systems allow quicker and more accurate charting or record keeping. These systems save time and improve the quality of information furthermore improving patient safety. Nursing informatics contains a large number of tools which range from being very meek computers to being extremely difficult medical record systems which are more generally known as Electronic Medical Record or EMR. In†¦show more content†¦205). Furthermore, I conclude that nursing informatics is an integration of nursing science and current technology by applying computerized systems and as well as data to advance health care across the world. Two Advantages of Using Nursing Informatics Nursing informatics is essential for protection and accuracy in the nursing field. NI benefits from software and computer systems such as word processing, spreadsheets, e-mail, podcasts, virtual environments, and a host of other forms of technology. One example is â€Å"telehealth via closed-circuit television or the telephone is perhaps the most proven application to date, but it has limitations. With the current technology, rural health, home care, and telehealth nurses can expand their practice capabilities† (Ericksen, 2009, p. 37). For example, homecare nurses can take their laptops with patients records instead of bringing mounts of paper everywhere they go. Another advantage of using nursing informatics is the prevention of accidents. Instead of doctors writing prescriptions in not so legible handwriting, the use of technology will prevent accidents with medications. Two Disadvantages of Using Nursing Informatics Although nursing informatics is very beneficial it can also have its disadvantages. There are often security breaches in technology and if that was ever to occur with all of the patient data, there would be a great number of problems. Patients would be able toShow MoreRelatednursing informatics1219 Words   |  5 PagesNursing Informatics Nursing informatics can best be described â€Å"as the integration of data, information and knowledge to support patients and clinicians in decisions across roles and settings, using information structures, process, and technology† (Knight Shea, p. 93). Nursing informatics has evolved over the last half decade from a system with only a few abilities to a worldwide technological system used in many hospital settings and physician offices in order to unify healthcare, eliminate errorRead MoreEssay on Nursing Informatics And Nursing889 Words   |  4 Pagesnurses changing with the times? What is nursing informatics? Why is it important to me? How do I rate on the nursing informatics knowledge scale? What is my plan to increase my knowledge base? These questions should be at the forefront of every nurse’s thoughts. The information age has come crashing down on us from every possible angle in our lives, it affects how we communicate, how we educate, how we socialize and ho w we raise our children. Thus, why would nursing be immune to technology? These reasonsRead MoreNursing Informatics Essay564 Words   |  3 PagesIntroduction Nursing Informatics is a union of nursing, technology, and data assimilation. Nursing Informatics deals with using technologies to organizing and delivering healthcare in the most efficient and safest manner. Nursing Informatics consist of countless tools ranging from simple computers to the complex electronic medical records systems (EMR), diligently designed to organize and deliver information. Nursing informatics silently streamlined into the management and delivery of healthcare;Read MoreNursing Informatics As A Specialty Essay1187 Words   |  5 Pages3.2.0 SOCIAL CONTEXT: 3.2.1 Nursing Informatics as a Specialty Nursing’s social contract reflects the profession’s long-standing core values and ethics, which provide grounding for health care in society. It is easy to overlook this social contract underlying the nursing profession when faced with challenges of the current technology like nursing informatics. One should be competent in nursing informatics so that nothing goes wrong when clients knows that the services are using telehealth and isRead MoreThe Integration Of Nursing Informatics Essay1670 Words   |  7 Pagesadvancement of healthcare. In our healthcare systems today, technology is already a vital part of almost all domains of nursing and patient care. The integration of nursing informatics into the practice creates a greater efficiency and accuracy of patient care. With the help of technology along with the wisdom of educated nurses, the facilitation of quality care is upgraded. Nursing informatics is an integral part of the overall healthcare system in that it is es sential in providing an efficient and preciseRead MoreEssay on Nursing Informatics1063 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is Nursing Informatics? Technology and innovation have transformed the way people function personally and professionally. In the past, writing and mailing a letter was standard but now most people send electronic messages and text messages to phones. Healthcare has been changing tremendously as well, not only are paper charts and records becoming obsolete, but now many facilities are sharing test results, visit information details, and prescribed drug lists. This move into the digital ageRead MoreNursing Informatics Is A Positive Step For Nursing1817 Words   |  8 Pagesstored all in one place with the ability to be used my many at the same time, providing continuous updates, will increase efficacy in the care of patient. My belief in Nursing Informatics is that nursing informatics is a positive step for nursing. Nurses should make room for learning to improve their knowledge of nursing informatics. Through technology we have come to the existence of Electronic health record which is a very important tool in the management of patients. Because this a period whenRead MoreWhat is Nursing Informatics? Essay1207 Words   |  5 Pagespaper is to develop a research question regarding the prevention of spreading bacteria in ICU and to identify databases and search words to collect data by using the continuum of data, information, knowledge, and wisdom . Also, I will describe how informatics can be used to gain wisdom. Clinical Research Question and Metastructures: Data, Information, Knowledge, and Wisdom The key to conducting successful clinical research involves five steps. These steps are: â€Å"asking answerable clinical questionsRead MoreNursing Informatics Now and in the Future1626 Words   |  7 PagesRunning head: NURSING INFORMATICS Nursing Informatics Now and In the Future Becky Last, RN Herzing University June 16, 2013 INTRODUCTION: In this day and age nurses not only have to use the scientific knowledge they have obtained in school but they must be ready to embrace and learn computer knowledge as well. Nursing informatics (NI), a product of the scientific synthesis of information in nursing, uses concepts from computer science, cognitive science, information science, andRead MoreTeamwork, Collaboration And Informatics For Nursing880 Words   |  4 PagesCollaboration and Informatics in Nursing The nursing field is caring, dependable, and effective. None of which could be accomplished without teamwork, collaboration and informatics. I believe these concepts are fundamental in the nursing profession. Nurses must work with other healthcare staff, the patients and their families to provide patient-centered and quality care. The use of informatics enhance both the quality of care the clients receive and the teamwork and collaboration aspect of nursing. No one

Supply Chain Planning and Control Issues

Question: Discuss about the Supply Chain Planning and Control Issues. Answer: Introduction The supply chain is the network by the help of which the whole organization is able to perform altogether to coordinate the entire process of business activities for delivering the organizational products within the market. The Supply chain planning considers all types of activities related to the logistics such as maintenance, distribution, procurement and inventory management. It also includes some other organizational activities such as marketing, development of new product, financial management, and customer service management. The main objective of any supply chain planning of any company is to reduce the rate of inventory. Nowadays, SCM is the most important backbone of the business organizations. The SCM includes all those activities which are required to launch any product into the market. An effective SCM is always able to make a large group of satisfied customers. The process of SCM generally includes all those organizational activities which take place in manufacturing ope rations, purchasing process of the customers and distribution and transportation of their products within the market. By the help of SCM, the business owners are able to link their Stakeholders and business partners into a single thread or chain. In this research study, the researchers identify the supply chain planning issues of NTUC Fairprice Company and analyze the outcomes of the business. Discussion NTUC Fairprice Co-operative Ltd Company was founded by the labor movement in the year of 1973. The founder of this company has a social mission behind the establishing of this company. At the beginning, the firm was a supermarket only, but recently it has acquired the position of the largest retail service provider throughout Singapore. The NTUC Fairprice Co-operative Ltd Company supplies their products to nearly 430,000 shoppers every day, through a network of more than 141 outlets including FairPrice Finest, FairPrice Xtra, and FairPrice Supermarket. Recently the NTUC Fairprice Co-operative Ltd Company owns a distribution center of Fresh food and also a centralized distribution and warehouse company. As per (Bozarth and Handfield, 2015), Introduction to Operations and Supply chain planning is a comprehensive and integrated topic of the introduction of both supply chain planning and operations. In the Fourth Edition of this book, the author describes the techniques and the analytical tools which are applied in the Supply chain planning and Operations. This research study has fixed their focus on the impact of Supply chain planning and the control issues in the NTUC Fairprice Co-operative Ltd Company. The NTUC Fairprice Co-operative Ltd Company deals with food retail business within the sector of the supermarket. The NTUC Fairprice Company has not used only standards to enhance the cost efficiency and operations of their business. By the help of SCM, the NTUC Fairprice Company is able to increase the standards of the retail industry in Singapore by facilitating the local retail companies and the suppliers to use that standard (Yinan et al., 2014). The business process in the supermarket sectors is a diverse business that supplies lots of food which consumed by the people through all over the world. The value chain of any service and products depend on the supplied raw materials and the food products which are delivered to the international buyers to the international buyers. An effective supply chain process always helps the compan y to pull the complex process within the industry to enhance the quality, efficiency, and safety of the business process. In the recent days, there is a significant growth in Singapore regarding the consumption of grocery items or products. The value chain of the NTUC Fairprice Company is similar to the other large supermarket companies. The reports are provided by over viewing the three most important business functions such as retail in NTUC Fairprice, distribution and procurement (Tayur et al., 2012). All of these functions are included in the distribution and processing of the products by following the standards. To identify the supply chain process and the control issues of NTUC Fairprice Company, it needs to identify the entire process flow among the three most important business functions. The most important three business functions are Procurement It refers the management of the relationship between the suppliers and the sourcing.Distribution or warehousing Distribution or warehousing consists of the outbound logistics and the inbound logistics. The outbound logistics describe the process of delivering the products to the retail stores and the inbound logistics describe the process of delivering the products to the distribution centers.Retail service Through retail service, the NTUC Fairprice Company is able to serve and meet the daily demands of their consumers. The partnership or relationship between the NTUC Fairprice and their suppliers basically depends on the trust of the standards which are used to enhance the safety and quality of their products and service. The suppliers of the firm acts in accordance with Hazard and Critical Control Point (HACCP), as they are the food suppliers (Stadtler, 2015). For the supply of household products to the company, the suppliers should have followed the HACCP certified process. It is also essential for the company to deliver their products efficiently for keeping the costs down. In recent days, the NTUC Fairprice Company has increased their number of retail stores in Singapore. They also reduce the working capital of each store and the staff numbers within the procurement department are maintained by the company at the same level. The systematic training programs help the organization to expand their knowledge about the operating process and also help the company to enhance and maintain the variety and quality of their products and services. They also make sure that the suppliers should deliver their products in a good condition (Slack et al., 2013). The NTUC Fairprice Company also follows temperature controlled supply chain at the time of delivering dairy products and raw meat because they should never compromise with the safety and health factors of their consumers. By the help of an effective supply chain process, the NTUC Fairprice Company can easily expand the source of dairy products and raw meat. The NTUC Fairprice Company is continuously tried to improve their business process. They introduce an innovative sortation system within their business process and also implement a good warehouse management in their main distribution center by the help of which the company is able to integrate the information and the product flow smoothly within the warehouse (Schnsleben, 2016). By the help of a proper supply chain planning the company is able to exchange their reliable data which also enhance the effectiveness of the communication along with the different departments and also able to reduce the time which is taken to fulfill the orders of the retail stores. Due to this reduction of time, the company is able to increase their operational accuracy. For these reasons, the operational costs of the organization also get reduced. Analysis It becomes very important to understand the issues coming between the supply chain planning activities as it will help in increasing the effectiveness of the concerned organization. NTUC is considered to be the supermarket chain throughout the different parts of Singapore and the firm has more than 100 supermarkets throughout the entire Island. Some of the crucial issues are related to the order fulfillment, reduction in the cases of damage handling, return cases and the quality of the products offered to the respective customers throughout the concerned market segments (Rushton et al., 2014). The supply chain planning includes various other operations such as the manufacturing operations, transpiration, purchasing and the physical distribution of the products and therefore it becomes more important for NTUC Fair price to understand the issues in the supply chain planning system and to rectify it. One of the major issues is seen between the cost price of the supply chain activities a nd this critically affects the execution of the business processes of NTUC. There exists crucial requirement of the cost reduction techniques as to bring out the desired positive results for the firm (Ross, 2015). Throughout the Singapore market areas, it has been seen that the consumption of the grocery products is increasing rapidly and 20% of the total household's expenditure accounts for foods as well as the grocery products. NTUC is one of the three topmost retailers in the field of supermarkets throughout the competitive market segments of Singapore. Moreover, there are some of the critical issues related to the transportation and the distribution network of the NTUC and these needs to be improved in order to increase the efficiency of the business processes concerned. Another issue is regarding the management of the more number of suppliers effectively (Pahl and Vo, 2014). These suppliers are supposed to be vital for the growth and expansion of the business procedures towards the larger area of the market segments concerned. At present times, the economic crisis over the different parts of the world has somehow affected the supply chain and the management activities and therefore in order to reduce the impact of the economic crisis, the accumulation or the collection of a lot of funds is required (Monczka et al., 2015). The desired impact of the increase standards for the products has significantly affected the business procedures of NTUC giving rise to an increase in the quality of the products, which finally raises the cost generated for the entire process. On the other hand, the impact of the cold chain standards throughout the dollar has significantly affected the benefits provided by the firm to the customers (Kenne et al., 2012). There are some of the essential indicators, those are designed to bring out the desired impact of the issues on the growth and expansion of the business processes. Cold chain dairy and milk, as well as the chilled pork, w ere used as the procurement to the distribution centers by NTUC. Moreover, the operational indicators are considered to be the crucial areas where the improvement needs to be made s to provide the desired elevation in the execution of the supply chain planning activities (Johnson, 2014). There were issues regarding the time interment activities which were spent on dealing with the suppliers and therefore the delay occurred sometimes regarding the execution of the deliveries to the different customers concerned. One of the operational indicator as "number of return cases from the customers" reveals the unsatisfied customers regarding the wrong delivery or the issues regarding the quality of the products (Jacobs and Chase, 2013). Thus, there needs to be an improvement in enhancing the overall quality of the products as this will help in improving the supply chain planning activities to a great extent. Recommendation Customers are considered to be the most important sets of the concerned organization as they help in evaluating the desired growth of the business processes. There are many of the well-known companies who face significant issues related to the supply chain and the management activities and therefore it becomes very important to formulate effective strategies as to reduce these issues (Ivanov et al., 2012). First of all, the quality of the products should be checked before the delivery of these respective products as this will help in reducing the number of the return cases from the customers. The returning of the products from the customers increases the cost price of the supply chain activities giving a final rise in the extra expense and affects the business processes of the firm (Ivanov Sokolov, 2013). Therefore, the management and control department plays the most important role in evaluating the growth and the expansion of the business processes to a large area of the market se gments. Moreover, NTUC can form a group of three to four members in order to monitor the quality of the products before it is being shipped to the concerned customer as this will help in reducing the return cases from the clients (Heizer et al., 2016). In some of the cases, it has been seen that the color of the quality of the products sometimes goes out of stock and at that point of instance it becomes the primary responsibility of the employees to call the customers and asks regarding the same as this will increase the satisfaction level of the customers that the firm is looking forward the best quality and quantity of orders for delivering it to the clients. Moreover, the reduction of the extra costs caused due to the distribution and the supply of the products to the wide area of the market segments needs to be critically reduced (atay et al., 2014). The management team of NTUC requires taking immediate steps in evaluating the desired effectiveness for the reduction of the costs incurred during the shipping of the products. Moreover, the shipping of the products and making it reach faster to the concerned customers will enhance the reliability of the clients will help in increasing the profitability of the firm to a great extent (Dekker et al., 2013). It has been measured that there are some of the orders that sometimes got damaged while handling or because of the movement in the DC and therefore it needs to be reduced as to increase the quality of the products and making it safe to reach the customers. The damage caused during the distribution of the products from one place to another significantly affects the entire business practices and raises the process incurred while handling. This also increases the chances of getting the products returned by the customers due to damaged products received. In order to improve the overall supply chain planning processes of NTUC, it is vital to implement latest innovative tools as well as innovative techniques as the y will increase the satisfaction level of the customers (Dyckhoff et al., 2013). The use of the barcode technique is of great importance as it will help in evaluating the desired cost price and the quality of the products delivered to the respective customers. The storage capacity of the warehouse needs to be increased as per the demands received from the customers, moreover, the safety of the products kept in the warehouse should be of top level as this will increase the overall efficiency of the profits earned from the concerned business processes (Fernie Sparks, 2014). Entirely, it is estimated that the improvements in the quality of the products before delivering it to the respective customers will help in reducing the number of return cases and moreover it will reduce the increase in the extra costs due to returning of the products. Use of the latest tools and the innovative techniques will help in increasing the overall performance of NTUC throughout the target market areas o f Singapore. Conclusion In this research study, the researchers describe the supply chain planning of the NTUC Fairprice Company. They also recommend some innovative ideas to improve their business process and also to increase their profitability. The improvements in the quality of the products before delivering it to the respective customers will help in reducing the number of return cases and moreover, it will reduce the increase in the extra costs. The systematic training programs help the organization to expand their knowledge about the operating process and also help the company to enhance and maintain the variety and quality of their products and services. References Bozarth, C. and Handfield, R. (2015).Introduction to Operations and Supply chain planning with MyOMLab, Global Edition, 4/E. [online] Available at: https://catalogue.pearsoned.co.uk/educator/product/Introduction-to-Operations-and-Supply-Chain-Management-with-MyOMLab-Global-Edition/9781292093543.page [Accessed 21 Dec. 2016]. atay, B., Chiong, R., Cordn, O. and Siarry, P., 2014. Computational Intelligence in Production and Logistics Systems: Solving Vehicle Routing, Supply Chain Network, and Air-Traffic Trajectory Planning Problems.IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine,4(9), pp.16-17. Dekker, R., Fleischmann, M., Inderfurth, K. and van Wassenhove, L.N. eds., 2013.Reverse logistics: quantitative models for closed-loop supply chains. Springer Science Business Media. Dyckhoff, H., Lackes, R. and Reese, J. eds., 2013.Supply chain planning and reverse logistics. Springer Science Business Media. Fernie, J. and Sparks, L., 2014.Logistics and retail management: emerging issues and new challenges in the retail supply chain. Kogan Page Publishers. Heizer, J., Render, B. and Munson, C., 2016.Principles of operations management: sustainability and supply chain planning . Pearson Higher Ed. Ivanov, D. and Sokolov, B., 2013. Control and system-theoretic identification of the supply chain dynamics domain for planning, analysis and adaptation of performance under uncertainty.European Journal of Operational Research,224(2), pp.313-323. Ivanov, D., Dolgui, A. and Sokolov, B., 2012. Applicability of optimal control theory to adaptive supply chain planning and scheduling.Annual Reviews in Control,36(1), pp.73-84. Jacobs, R. and Chase, R., 2013.Operations and supply chain planning . McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Johnson, P.F., 2014.Purchasing and supply management. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Kenne, J.P., Dejax, P. and Gharbi, A., 2012. Production planning of a hybrid manufacturingremanufacturing system under uncertainty within a closed-loop supply chain.International Journal of Production Economics,135(1), pp.81-93. Monczka, R.M., Handfield, R.B., Giunipero, L.C. and Patterson, J.L., 2015.Purchasing and supply chain planning . Cengage Learning. Pahl, J. and Vo, S., 2014. Integrating deterioration and lifetime constraints in production and supply chain planning: a survey.European Journal of Operational Research,238(3), pp.654-674. Ross, D.F., 2015.Distribution Planning and control: managing in the era of supply chain planning . Springer. Rushton, A., Croucher, P. and Baker, P., 2014.The handbook of logistics and distribution management: Understanding the supply chain. Kogan Page Publishers. Schnsleben, P., 2016.Integral logistics management: Operations and supply chain planning within and across companies. CRC Press. Slack, N., Brandon-Jones, A. and Johnston, R., 2013. Operations management. Stadtler, H., 2015. Supply chain planning : An overview. InSupply chain planning and advanced planning(pp. 3-28). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Tayur, S., Ganeshan, R. and Magazine, M. eds., 2012.Quantitative models for supply chain planning (Vol. 17). Springer Science Business Media. Yinan, Q., Tang, M. and Zhang, M., 2014. Mass customization in flat organization: The mediating role of supply chain planning and corporation coordination.Journal of Applied Research and Technology,12(2), pp.171-181.